Common Framework Research Articles

Refining the taxonomy of the order Hyphomicrobiales (Rhizobiales) based on whole genome comparisons of over 130 type strains.

The alphaproteobacterial order Hyphomicrobiales consists of 38 families comprising at least 152 validly published genera as of January 2024. The order Hyphomicrobiales was first described in 1957 and underwent important revisions in 2020. However, we show that several inconsistencies in the taxonomy of this order remain and we argue that there is a need for a consistent framework for defining families within the order. We propose a common genome-based framework for defining families within the order Hyphomicrobiales, suggesting that families represent monophyletic groups in core-genome phylogenies that share pairwise average amino acid identity values above ~75 % when calculated from a core set of 59 proteins. Applying this framework, we propose the formation of four new families and to reassign the genera Salaquimonas, Rhodoblastus, and Rhodoligotrophos into Salaquimonadaceae fam. nov., Rhodoblastaceae fam. nov., and Rhodoligotrophaceae fam. nov., respectively, and the genera Albibacter, Chenggangzhangella, Hansschlegelia, and Methylopila into Methylopilaceae fam. nov. We further propose to unify the families Bartonellaceae, Brucellaceae, Phyllobacteriaceae, and Notoacmeibacteraceae as Bartonellaceae; the families Segnochrobactraceae and Pseudoxanthobacteraceae as Segnochrobactraceae; the families Lichenihabitantaceae and Lichenibacteriaceae as Lichenihabitantaceae; and the families Breoghaniaceae and Stappiaceae as Stappiaceae. Lastly, we propose to reassign several genera to existing families. Specifically, we propose to reassign the genus Pseudohoeflea to the family Rhizobiaceae; the genera Oricola, Roseitalea, and Oceaniradius to the family Ahrensiaceae; the genus Limoniibacter to the emended family Bartonellaceae; the genus Faunimonas to the family Afifellaceae; and the genus Pseudochelatococcus to the family Chelatococcaceae. Our data also support the recent proposal to reassign the genus Prosthecomicrobium to the family Kaistiaceae.

Personalization and de‐institutionalization: Our common conceptual framework

Personalization and de‐institutionalization: Our common conceptual framework

The returned product‐process matrix: A decision‐making framework for reverse logistics operations strategic choice

AbstractA common and comprehensive framework that clarifies the choice of a reverse logistics (RL) strategy is still unavailable in the extant literature. Such a complete framework for RL decision‐making has the potential to offer insights for the choice of RL strategies, particularly in this era where closed‐loop supply chain is gaining traction in research and practice. Thus, this study seeks to identify RL strategies based on a systematic literature review and industry consultation. The study used the systematic literature review approach to analyse articles collected mostly from the Scopus database. The outcome is a framework, referred to as the “Returned Product‐Process Matrix” (RPPM), that offers a holistic view of RL strategies, which can serve as a decision‐support system for practitioners in choosing the appropriate RL strategy. To the best of the researchers' knowledge, the RPPM is the first attempt at comprehensively structuring and clarifying the RL decision‐making in green logistics operations.

VERBAL İNTERAKTİVLİYİN PLÜRALİST YANAŞMADA TƏDRİSİNİN BƏZİ MƏSƏLƏLƏRİ

Some Issues of Teaching Verbal Interactivity in a Pluralistic Approaches Summary The article deals with the some issues of teaching verbal interactivity in a pluralistic approaches. When communicating in a foreign language, the rules for using speech activities and practical activities related to verbal interactivity in different situations are shown. The article also refers to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) in the application of verbal and non-verbal communication and the Framework of Reference for Pluralistic Approaches to Languages and Cultures(CARAP) developed under the leadership of Michel Candelier. In this regard, the use of gestures, facial expressions and body language to achieve effective communication during dialogues in cultural and natural situations is important in teaching French. The scientific studies of local and foreign linguists and methodologists on the subject have been analyzed and summarized. Key words: communication, interactivity, verbal communication, nonverbal communication, pluralistic approaches

Mediacja i tłumaczenie w uczeniu się / nauczaniu języków – podobieństwa i różnice

In the didactics of languages and cultures, mediation often enters into a relationship with translation. After the publication of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages in 2001, mediation was mainly associated with linguistic transcoding and equated with translation. In the CEFR – Companion volume (2020), the understanding of mediation has been considerably broadened, taking into account the multilingual and multicultural perspective of language use and the conditions for interaction between people with different lifestyles and views. The aim of the paper is to reflect in depth on the nature of the concepts of ‘mediation’ and ‘translation’. Both are interdisciplinary in nature and their main vehicle is language. But there are also many differences between them which do not allow the terms to be used interchangeably. In an analysis of a comparative nature, we will try to show the most important determinants of the mediation and translation process, referring to their use in the context of language learning and teaching.

Explaining the Divergence in German and French Public Finances

Abstract In this contribution, I discuss the divergence of German and French public finances over the course of the last two decades. Major gaps in public deficit/debt levels and debt service costs have opened even under the presence of a common fiscal framework at the EU level. To explain these differences, I focus on three elements: the (non-)perception of budgetary and socio-economic crisis, differences in demographic conditions, and contrasting approaches towards the role of rules and expertise in fiscal policymaking. The contribution illustrates these points by providing two concise case studies on key developments in fiscal policymaking and institutions since the 1990s. I conclude with a brief reflection on German and French fiscal policymaking in the years to come.

Language exams as a policy instrument

Utilising language management theory (Jernudd and Neustupný 1987; Nekvapil 2016), this paper explores motivations for the language exam as an instrument of organised management in the form of policy in the Czech context and analyzes its outcomes more than ten years after its initial implementation. First, we provide an overview of research on language testing as a form of organised management, discussing how emphasis has been placed on citizenship, and explain the relevance of researching the use of language exams for permanent residence in the European Union, where an important distinction is made between EU and non-EU citizens. We consider the selection of the appropriate Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) level for the exam and the overall question of exemptions, which may raise doubts about the exam’s overall effectivity as a tool for the linguistic integration of foreigners. We show that there are several tendencies in the understanding of the situation by individuals who have already passed the exam, including the view of it as a mere formality, and, conversely, as a major hurdle. We conclude by exploring potential policy consequences of these outcomes, emphasising the idea that language support from the state and employers needs to be provided intensively and immediately following the individuals’ arrival in the country.

European foreign language policies, national language testing and ambivalence towards the introduction of the logics of standardisation

Educational policies and priorities shaped at the supranational level by European and global agencies and players impact the processes of national policymaking in complex ways. In this study, recontextualisations of European foreign language education and language assessment policies in the Greek policy and pedagogical contexts are examined. Specifically, the politics of foreign language education and assessment are explored with a focus on English language teaching in public schools and the expected introduction of the Greek National Certificate of Language Proficiency (known as KPG) which is a state-led testing system formed by adopting the six-level scale of the Common European Framework of Reference for languages. Drawing on Bernstein’s theory of symbolic control and pedagogic discourse, it is shown that extensive recontextualisations of European (and global) discourses on English language teaching and assessment in the Greek context project competency and outcome-based curricula and learning as the desirable pedagogic model. Furthermore, attempts to introduce certification procedures in public schools derive from market-driven discourses that sanction a standardised system of student performance while the implications of standardisation for schools, teachers and students alike are downplayed.

(X,Y)-Gorenstein Categories, Associated (Global) Homological Dimensions and Applications to Relative Foxby Classes

Recently, Gorenstein dimensions relative to a semidualizing module have been the subject of numerous studies with interesting extensions of the classical homological dimensions. Although all these studies share the same direction, a common basis, and similar final goals, there is no common framework encompassing them as parts of a whole, progressing, on different fronts, towards the same end. We provide this general and global framework in the context of abelian categories, standardizing terminology and notation: we establish a general context by defining Gorenstein categories relative to two classes of objects ((X,Y)-Gorenstein categories, denoted G(X,Y)), and carry out a study of the homological dimensions associated with them. We prove, under some mild standard conditions, the corresponding version of the Comparison Lemma that ensures the consistency of a homological-dimension theory. We show that Ext functors can be used as tools to compute these G(X,Y)-dimensions, and we compare the dimensions obtained using the classes G(X) with those computed using G(X,Y). We also initiate a research of the global dimensions obtained with these classes G(X,Y) and find conditions for them to be finite. Finally, we show that these classes of Gorenstein objects are closely and interestingly related to the Foxby classes induced by a pair of functors. Namely, we prove that the Auslander and Bass classes are indeed G(X,Y) categories for some specific classes X and Y.

RE-AIM for rural health innovations: perceptions of (mis) alignment between the RE-AIM framework and evaluation reporting in the Department of Veterans Affairs Enterprise-Wide Initiatives program

BackgroundThe Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Office of Rural Health (ORH) supports national VA program offices' efforts to expand health care to rural Veterans through its Enterprise-Wide Initiatives (EWIs) program. In 2017, ORH selected Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM), an implementation science framework, to structure the EWI evaluation and reporting process. As part of its mandate to improve EWI program evaluation, the Center for the Evaluation of Enterprise-Wide Initiatives conducted a qualitative evaluation to better understand EWI team' perceptions of, and barriers and facilitators to, the EWI evaluation process.MethodsWe conducted 43 semi-structured interviews with 48 team members (e.g., evaluators, program office leads, and field-based leads) representing 21 EWIs from April-December 2020. Questions focused on participants' experiences using strategies targeting each RE-AIM dimension. Interviews were inductively analyzed in MAXQDA. We also systematically reviewed 51 FY19-FY20 EWI annual reports to identify trends in misapplications of RE-AIM.ResultsParticipants had differing levels of experience with RE-AIM. While participants understood ORH's rationale for selecting a common framework to structure evaluations, the perceived misalignment between RE-AIM and EWIs' work emerged as an important theme. Concerns centered around 3 sub-themes: (1) (Mis)Alignment with RE-AIM Dimensions, (2) (Mis)Alignment between RE-AIM and the EWI, and (3) (Mis)Alignment with RE-AIM vs. other Theories, Models, or Frameworks. Participants described challenges differentiating between and operationalizing dimensions in unique contexts. Participants also had misconceptions about RE-AIM and its relevance to their work, e.g., that it was meant for established programs and did not capture aspects of initiative planning, adaptations, or sustainability. Less commonly, participants shared alternative models or frameworks to RE-AIM. Despite criticisms, many participants found RE-AIM useful, cited training as important to understanding its application, and identified additional training as a future need.DiscussionThe selection of a shared implementation science framework can be beneficial, but also challenging when applied to diverse initiatives or contexts. Our findings suggest that establishing a common understanding, operationalizing framework dimensions for specific programs, and assessing training needs may better equip partners to integrate a shared framework into their evaluations.

A monthly gridded burned area database of national wildland fire data

We assembled the first gridded burned area (BA) database of national wildfire data (ONFIRE), a comprehensive and integrated resource for researchers, non-government organisations, and government agencies analysing wildfires in various regions of the Earth. We extracted and harmonised records from different regions and sources using open and reproducible methods, providing data in a common framework for the whole period available (starting from 1950 in Australia, 1959 in Canada, 1985 in Chile, 1980 in Europe, and 1984 in the United States) up to 2021 on a common 1° × 1° grid. The data originate from national agencies (often, ground mapping), thus representing the best local expert knowledge. Key opportunities and limits in using this dataset are discussed as well as possible future expansions of this open-source approach that should be explored. This dataset complements existing gridded BA data based on remote sensing and offers a valuable opportunity to better understand and assess fire regime changes, and their drivers, in these regions. The ONFIRE database can be freely accessed at https://zenodo.org/record/8289245.

Package wars and mouse movers: on the media escalation of remote-work during the COVID-19 global pandemic

ABSTRACT This paper looks at media escalations between different kinds of workers during and after the COVID-19 global pandemic. Combining post-Autonomist Marxist and media theoretical approaches, I argue that the ‘Glitter Bomb vs Porch Pirates’ video series, and related phenomena, point to the unique role that networked and computational media play in both the material enactment and cultural-symbolic valorisation of different kinds of work in relatively affluent postindustrial capitalist settings. Mark Rober, the creator of the ‘Glitter Bomb vs Porch Pirates’ video series, demonstrates how those who enjoy a relatively privileged positionality under post-Fordism actively participate in the medialogical defining and detecting of different kinds of ‘enemies’ as a form of both work and leisure. Overemployed.com and automatic mouse-movers, meanwhile, exemplify more tactical approaches to this broader set of conditions, wherein workers utilise networked and computational media to appear ‘visible’ as productive workers according to the criteria via which they are regularly detected and evaluated. Noting a common subjective framework undergirding these various examples, I conclude by highlighting the work of various media scholars focused on the question of what a truly alternative instantiation of networked and computational systems might entail.

Public management of digitalization into the Spanish tourism services: a heterodox analysis

AbstractThis study is a critical review of public intervention and its management of change with digitalization, applied to Spanish tourism services, as ones of the largest case and most required of attention into the European Union. In comparison with other mainstream papers, this heterodox review is based on the combination of Austrian Economics and Neo-Institutional approaches (Cornucopists), with their common theoretical and methodological frameworks. Thus, it is possible to analyze failures and paradoxes in the public intervention, especially with post-COVID recovery policies. The case of the Spanish tourism sector highlights the effect of double bureaucracy, from European institutions and the Spanish Government, affecting its competitiveness and revealing the confirmation of heterodox theorems. Faced with mainstream public intervention guidelines, which usually involve expansive spending and more debt (and New-Malthusian measures), a heterodox mainline solution is offered here, based on the revival of the original sustainability principle, the readjustment effect and the promotion of geek'n'talent education, to facilitate the transition to the Knowledge Economy, where the tourism sector is capable of offering personalized travel experiences due to digitalization.

Navigating the Landscape of Precision Education: Insights From On-the-Ground Initiatives.

A central goal of precision education (PE) is efficiently delivering the right educational intervention to the right learner at the right time. This can be achieved through a PE cycle that involves gathering inputs, using analytics to generate insights, planning and implementing interventions, learning and assessing outcomes, and then using lessons learned to inform modifications to the cycle. In this paper, the authors describe 3 PE initiatives utilizing this cycle. The Graduate Medical Education Laboratory (GEL) uses longitudinal data on graduate trainee behavior, clinical skills, and wellness to improve clinical performance and professional fulfillment. The Transition to Residency Advantage (TRA) program uses learner data from medical school coupled with individualized coaching to improve the transition to residency. The Anesthesia Research Group for Educational Technology (TARGET) is developing an automated tool to deliver individualized education to anesthesia residents based on a longitudinal digital representation of the learner. The authors discuss strengths of the PE cycle and transferrable learnings for future PE innovations. Common challenges are identified, including related to data (e.g., volume, variety, sharing across institutions, using the electronic health record), analytics (e.g., validating augmented intelligence models), and interventions (e.g., scaling up learner assessments with limited resources). PE developers need to share their experiences in order to overcome these challenges, develop best practices, and ensure ethical development of future systems. Adapting a common framework to develop and assess PE initiatives will lead to a clearer understanding of their impact, help to mitigate potential risks, and allow deployment of successful practices on a larger scale.

A framework for understanding the contributions of local residents to protected area law enforcement

Abstract Terrestrial and marine protected areas have long been championed as an approach to biodiversity conservation. For protected areas to be effective, equitable and inclusive, the involvement of local residents in their management and governance is considered important. Globally, there are many approaches to involving local residents in protected area law enforcement. However, opportunities for comparing different approaches have been limited by the lack of a clear common framework for analysis. To support a more holistic understanding, we present a framework for analysing the contributions of local residents to protected area law enforcement. Informed by a review of the literature and discussions with conservation practitioners, the framework comprises five key dimensions: (1) the different points in the enforcement system at which local residents are involved, (2) the nature of local participation in decision-making, (3) the type of external support provided to local residents, (4) the different motivating forces for participation, and (5) the extent to which local participation is formalized. We apply the framework to three real-world case studies to demonstrate its use in analysing and comparing the characteristics of different approaches. We suggest this framework could be used to examine variation in local participation within the enforcement system, inform evaluation and frame constructive discussions between relevant stakeholders. With the global coverage of protected areas likely to increase, the framework provides a foundation for better understanding the contributions of local residents to protected area law enforcement.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF“QUALITY ASSURANCE” IN THE SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE

The article gives an overview of the updated analysis of the concept and nature of “quality”. The present research on systematic review of literature of scientific articles and theoretical documents is aimed at identifying concepts, theories, and research trends and methods linked to the quality management in educational setting. The review findings demonstrates that theoretical papers, such as reports, policies, and concepts of the concept “quality” identifies three common approaches to the concept “quality”: quality as a process, as a procedure and as a result. Analysis of the empirical papers revealed that the most prominent concepts were the quality assurance, control, and quality culture in education setting. Following the inductive analysis, this study investigated common research trends and conceptual framework how the “quality” concept is defined in educational setting. Different data analysis techniques have been applied in this article. Meanwhile, the definition of the concept “quality” includes content analysis, descriptive analysis, and inferential analysis.

A fusion architecture to deliver multipurpose mobile health services

Mobile Health (mHealth) services typically make use of customized software architectures, leading to development-dependent fragmentation. Nevertheless, irrespective of their specific purpose, most mHealth services share common functionalities, where standard pieces could be reused or adapted to expedite service deployment and even extend the follow-up of appearing conditions under the same service. To harness compatibility and reuse, this article presents a data fusion architecture proposing a common design framework for mHealth services. An exhaustive mapping of mHealth functionalities identified in the literature serves as starting point. The architecture is then conceptualized making use of the Joint Directors of Laboratories (JDL) data fusion model. The aim of the architecture is to exploit the multi-source data acquisition capabilities supported by smartphones and Internet of Things devices, and artificial intelligence-enabled feature fusion. A series of interconnected fusion layers ensure streamlined data management; each layer is composed of microservices which may be implemented or omitted depending on the specific goals of the healthcare service. Moreover, the architecture considers essential features related to authentication mechanisms, data sharing protocols, practitioner-patient communication, context-based notifications and tailored visualization interfaces. The effectiveness of the architecture is underscored by its instantiation for four real cases, encompassing risk assessment for youth with mental health issues, remote monitoring for SARS-CoV-2 patients, liquid intake control for kidney disease patients, and peritoneal dialysis treatment support. This breadth of applications exemplifies how the architecture can effectively serve as a guidance framework to accelerate the design of mHealth services.

The Global Impact of CEFR in Higher Education: A Case Study in Kazakhstan and Insights from a Pedagogical Experiment

The article explores the transformative impact of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) on global language pedagogy, with a particular focus on its implications for higher education and its application in Kazakhstan. Introduced by the Council of Europe in the early 2000s, the CEFR offers a comprehensive framework for language teaching, learning, and assessment, spanning six competency levels from A1 to C2. Its widespread adoption has reshaped language education policies and practices worldwide, emphasizing communication skills across reading, writing, speaking, and listening. The study investigates the evolution of the CEFR and its integration into higher education systems, examining its influence in countries such as the UK, Germany, France, and Canada. Notably, Kazakhstan has embraced the CEFR as a guiding framework for language instruction, aiming to enhance graduates’ employability in the international job market. Additionally, the article presents findings from a pedagogical experiment conducted at a Kazakhstani university, assessing the effectiveness of CEFR-aligned speaking assessment criteria in improving students’ proficiency. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data analysis with qualitative student feedback, highlighting the positive impact of aligning teaching strategies with the CEFR. Overall, the research contributes valuable insights into the practical application of the CEFR in Kazakhstani higher education and its broader implications for language instruction worldwide. Keywords: CEFR, higher education system, teaching methods, assessment criteria, student feedback, survey.

Lower Urinary Tract Infections: An Approach for Greek Community Health Practitioners

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) cause a significant infectious burden in the community and demand a coordinated approach from all first-line health professionals. Uncomplicated UTIs refer to infections in non-pregnant females without any underlying localized or generalized pathology, diagnosed through history by the presence of specific local symptoms and in the absence of systemic ones like fever. Uncomplicated UTIs are usually caused by Escherichia coli species; thus, empirical antibiotic treatment can be immediately initiated. A percentage of patients can experience a resolution of symptoms without therapy; however, this “wait and observe” approach is supported only by the relevant British guidelines. There are limited quality studies in the literature on adjuvant treatment options; these can include BNO 145, a phytotherapeutic medicine, and XHP, a medical technology product. Despite being licensed by the European Medicines Agency on the basis of traditional use, there is inadequate support in the medical literature for the use of cranberry extracts and Arctostaphylos uva-ursi extracts. The use of antibiotics is associated with higher response rates and urine culture sterilization as well as lower recurrence/relapse rates; on the other hand, side effect rates are also higher. In choosing the proper empirical antibiotic therapy, one has to take into account individual patient characteristics and community resistance patterns as well as the antimicrobial resistance pressure exerted by the wide use of a specific antibiotic. There is a need for a common framework through which all frontline health practitioners should operate when faced with a case of uncomplicated UTI. In Greece, there are three different guidelines for UTI treatment, developed by the Ministry of Health, the National Organization for Medicines, and the Hellenic Society for Infectious Diseases. The authors of the present study aim at synthesizing these guidelines as well as relevant guidelines from international scientific or other national regulatory organizations while taking into account local resistance patterns. The authors propose the first-line use of either fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin, or pivmecillinam. The use of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole is discouraged due to increased resistance of Greek community E. coli isolates. Fluoroquinolone use should be avoided due to high E. coli community resistance (exceeding 20% for Greece), along with their unfavorable benefit/side effect balance in uncomplicated UTIs, as well as the overall community resistance pressure exerted by their use. A 5-day regimen remains superior to a 3-day one; the latter may be suitable for certain, not yet adequately characterized, patients.

Methodological Rigor in Management Research Reviews

Review research in management, like other research traditions, demands a methodological compass to advance coherent and credible knowledge claims. Yet, the established landscape of review research lacks a common framework for guiding and assessing its methodological rigor. We conducted an exploratory scoping review, analyzing a large sample of review articles published in the Journal of Management. The review focuses on reported practices dealing with five themes embedded within all review articles: their purpose, type, design, execution, and internal alignment. By comprehensively examining manifest practices, the review reveals crucial insights into the progress and evolving methods employed in management research reviews. Synthesizing those insights with existing conceptions of rigor, we present a conceptual framework including promising research directions on the methodological rigor of review articles.